001/*
002 * Units of Measurement Systems
003 * Copyright (c) 2005-2018, Jean-Marie Dautelle, Werner Keil and others.
004 *
005 * All rights reserved.
006 *
007 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
008 * are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
009 *
010 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
011 *    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
012 *
013 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions
014 *    and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
015 *
016 * 3. Neither the name of JSR-385, Units of Measurement nor the names of their contributors may be used to
017 *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
018 *
019 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
020 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
021 * THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
022 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
023 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
024 * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
025 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
026 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
027 * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE,
028 * EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
029 */
030package systems.uom.ucum;
031
032//import static tec.units.indriya.unit.MetricPrefix.*;
033import static tec.units.indriya.unit.MetricPrefix.*;
034import static tec.units.indriya.AbstractUnit.ONE;
035import si.uom.quantity.*;
036import systems.uom.quantity.Acidity;
037import systems.uom.quantity.Concentration;
038import systems.uom.quantity.Drag;
039import systems.uom.quantity.Information;
040import systems.uom.quantity.InformationRate;
041import systems.uom.quantity.Level;
042import si.uom.SI;
043import tec.units.indriya.*;
044import tec.units.indriya.format.SimpleUnitFormat;
045import tec.units.indriya.function.LogConverter;
046import tec.units.indriya.function.MultiplyConverter;
047import tec.units.indriya.function.PiMultiplierConverter;
048//import tec.units.indriya.function.PowerOfPiConverter;
049import tec.units.indriya.unit.AlternateUnit;
050import tec.units.indriya.unit.ProductUnit;
051import tec.units.indriya.unit.TransformedUnit;
052import tec.units.indriya.unit.Units;
053
054import javax.measure.Quantity;
055import javax.measure.Unit;
056import javax.measure.quantity.*;
057
058/**
059 * <p>
060 * This class contains {@link SI} and Non-SI units as defined in the
061 * <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/"> Unified Code for Units of Measure</a>.
062 * </p>
063 *
064 * <p>
065 * Compatibility with {@link SI} units has been given priority over strict
066 * adherence to the standard. We have attempted to note every place where the
067 * definitions in this class deviate from the UCUM standard, but such notes are
068 * likely to be incomplete.
069 * </p>
070 *
071 * @author <a href="mailto:eric-r@northwestern.edu">Eric Russell</a>
072 * @author <a href="mailto:units@catmedia.us">Werner Keil</a>
073 * @see <a href="http://www.unitsofmeasure.org">UCUM</a>
074 * @version 1.0.1, $Date: 2018-06-10 $
075 */
076public final class UCUM extends AbstractSystemOfUnits {
077
078    /**
079     * The singleton instance.
080     */
081    private static final UCUM INSTANCE = new UCUM();
082
083    /**
084     * Default constructor (prevents this class from being instantiated).
085     */
086    private UCUM() {
087    }
088
089    /**
090     * Returns the singleton instance of this class.
091     *
092     * @return the UCUM system instance.
093     */
094    public static UCUM getInstance() {
095        return INSTANCE;
096    }
097
098    //////////////////////////////
099    // BASE UNITS: UCUM 4.2 §28 //
100    //////////////////////////////
101    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
102    public static final Unit<Length> METER = addUnit(Units.METRE);
103    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
104    public static final Unit<Time> SECOND = addUnit(Units.SECOND);
105    /**
106     * We deviate slightly from the standard here, to maintain compatibility
107     * with the existing SI units. In UCUM, the gram is the base unit of mass,
108     * rather than the kilogram. This doesn't have much effect on the units
109     * themselves, but it does make formatting the units a challenge.
110     */
111    public static final Unit<Mass> GRAM = addUnit(Units.GRAM);
112    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
113    public static final Unit<Angle> RADIAN = addUnit(Units.RADIAN);
114    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
115    public static final Unit<Temperature> KELVIN = addUnit(Units.KELVIN);
116    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
117    public static final Unit<ElectricCharge> COULOMB = addUnit(Units.COULOMB);
118    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
119    public static final Unit<LuminousIntensity> CANDELA = addUnit(Units.CANDELA);
120
121    ///////////////////////////////////////////////
122    // DIMENSIONLESS DERIVED UNITS: UCUM 4.3 §29 //
123    ///////////////////////////////////////////////
124    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
125    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> TRILLIONS = addUnit(ONE.multiply(1000000000000L));
126    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
127    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> BILLIONS = addUnit(ONE.multiply(1000000000));
128    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
129    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> MILLIONS = addUnit(ONE.multiply(1000000));
130    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
131    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> THOUSANDS = addUnit(ONE.multiply(1000));
132    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
133    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> HUNDREDS = addUnit(ONE.multiply(100));
134    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
135    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PI = addUnit(ONE.transform(new PiMultiplierConverter()));
136    //public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PI = addUnit(ONE.transform(PowerOfPiConverter.of(1)));
137    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
138    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PERCENT = addUnit(ONE.divide(100));
139    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
140    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PER_THOUSAND = addUnit(ONE.divide(1000));
141    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
142    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PER_MILLION = addUnit(ONE.divide(1000000));
143    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
144    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PER_BILLION = addUnit(ONE.divide(1000000000));
145    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
146    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> PER_TRILLION = addUnit(ONE.divide(1000000000000L));
147    ////////////////////////////
148    // SI UNITS: UCUM 4.3 §30 //
149    ////////////////////////////
150    /**
151     * We deviate slightly from the standard here, to maintain compatibility
152     * with the existing SI units. In UCUM, the mole is no longer a base unit,
153     * but is defined as <code>Unit.ONE.multiply(6.0221367E23)</code>.
154     */
155    public static final Unit<AmountOfSubstance> MOLE = addUnit(Units.MOLE);
156    /**
157     * We deviate slightly from the standard here, to maintain compatibility
158     * with the existing SI units. In UCUM, the steradian is defined as
159     * <code>RADIAN.pow(2)</code>.
160     */
161    public static final Unit<SolidAngle> STERADIAN = addUnit(Units.STERADIAN);
162    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
163    public static final Unit<Frequency> HERTZ = addUnit(Units.HERTZ);
164    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
165    public static final Unit<Force> NEWTON = addUnit(Units.NEWTON);
166    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
167    public static final Unit<Pressure> PASCAL = addUnit(Units.PASCAL);
168    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
169    public static final Unit<Energy> JOULE = addUnit(Units.JOULE);
170    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
171    public static final Unit<Power> WATT = addUnit(Units.WATT);
172    /**
173     * We deviate slightly from the standard here, to maintain compatibility
174     * with the existing SI units. In UCUM, the ampere is defined as
175     * <code>COULOMB.divide(SECOND)</code>.
176     */
177    public static final Unit<ElectricCurrent> AMPERE = addUnit(Units.AMPERE);
178    // public static final Unit<MagnetomotiveForce> AMPERE_TURN =
179    // addUnit(Units.AMPERE_TURN);
180    /**
181     * We deviate slightly from the standard here, to maintain compatibility
182     * with the existing SI units. In UCUM, the volt is defined as
183     * <code>JOULE.divide(COULOMB)</code>.
184     */
185    public static final Unit<ElectricPotential> VOLT = addUnit(Units.VOLT);
186    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
187    public static final Unit<ElectricCapacitance> FARAD = addUnit(Units.FARAD);
188    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
189    public static final Unit<ElectricResistance> OHM = addUnit(Units.OHM);
190    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
191    public static final Unit<ElectricConductance> SIEMENS = addUnit(Units.SIEMENS);
192    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
193    public static final Unit<MagneticFlux> WEBER = addUnit(Units.WEBER);
194    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
195    public static final Unit<Temperature> CELSIUS = addUnit(Units.CELSIUS);
196    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
197    public static final Unit<MagneticFluxDensity> TESLA = addUnit(Units.TESLA);
198    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
199    public static final Unit<ElectricInductance> HENRY = addUnit(Units.HENRY);
200    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
201    public static final Unit<LuminousFlux> LUMEN = addUnit(Units.LUMEN);
202    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
203    public static final Unit<Illuminance> LUX = addUnit(Units.LUX);
204    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
205    public static final Unit<Radioactivity> BECQUEREL = addUnit(Units.BECQUEREL);
206    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
207    public static final Unit<RadiationDoseAbsorbed> GRAY = addUnit(Units.GRAY);
208    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
209    public static final Unit<RadiationDoseEffective> SIEVERT = addUnit(Units.SIEVERT);
210
211    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
212    // OTHER UNITS FROM ISO 1000, ISO 2955, AND ANSI X3.50: UCUM 4.3 §31 //
213    ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
214    // The order of GON and DEGREE has been inverted because GON is defined in
215    // terms of DEGREE
216    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
217    public static final Unit<Angle> DEGREE = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Angle>(PI.multiply(RADIAN.divide(180))));
218    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
219    public static final Unit<Angle> GRADE = addUnit(DEGREE.multiply(0.9));
220    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
221    public static final Unit<Angle> GON = GRADE;
222    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
223    public static final Unit<Angle> MINUTE_ANGLE = addUnit(DEGREE.divide(60));
224    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
225    public static final Unit<Angle> SECOND_ANGLE = addUnit(MINUTE_ANGLE.divide(60));
226    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
227    public static final Unit<Volume> LITER = addUnit(Units.LITRE,  "liter", "L", true);
228    /**
229     * As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. Liter has
230     * <b>two</b> definitions.
231     * 
232     * @see <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/ucum.html#iso1000">UCUM Table
233     *      5</a>
234     */
235    public static final Unit<Volume> LITER_DM3 = addUnit(DECI(Units.METRE).pow(3).asType(Volume.class), "liter", "l", true);
236    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
237    public static final Unit<Area> ARE = addUnit(Units.SQUARE_METRE.multiply(100));
238    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
239    public static final Unit<Time> MINUTE = addUnit(Units.MINUTE);
240    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
241    public static final Unit<Time> HOUR = addUnit(Units.HOUR);
242    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
243    public static final Unit<Time> DAY = addUnit(Units.DAY);
244    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
245    public static final Unit<Time> YEAR_TROPICAL = addUnit(Units.DAY.multiply(365.24219));
246    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
247    public static final Unit<Time> YEAR_JULIAN = addUnit(Units.DAY.multiply(365.25));
248    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
249    public static final Unit<Time> YEAR_GREGORIAN = addUnit(Units.DAY.multiply(365.2425));
250    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
251    public static final Unit<Time> YEAR = addUnit(Units.DAY.multiply(365.25));
252    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
253    public static final Unit<Time> WEEK = addUnit(Units.DAY.multiply(7));
254    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
255    public static final Unit<Time> MONTH_SYNODAL = addUnit(Units.DAY.multiply(29.53059));
256    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
257    public static final Unit<Time> MONTH_JULIAN = addUnit(YEAR_JULIAN.divide(12));
258    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
259    public static final Unit<Time> MONTH_GREGORIAN = addUnit(YEAR_GREGORIAN.divide(12));
260    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
261    public static final Unit<Time> MONTH = addUnit(YEAR_JULIAN.divide(12));
262    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
263    public static final Unit<Mass> TONNE = addUnit(Units.KILOGRAM.multiply(1000));
264    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
265    public static final Unit<Pressure> BAR = addUnit(Units.PASCAL.multiply(100000));
266    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
267    public static final Unit<Mass> ATOMIC_MASS_UNIT = addUnit(SI.UNIFIED_ATOMIC_MASS);
268    // public static final Unit<Mass> ATOMIC_MASS_UNIT = addUnit(
269    // new AlternateUnit<Mass>(Units.UNIFIED_ATOMIC_MASS,
270    // Units.UNIFIED_ATOMIC_MASS.getSymbol()), Mass.class);
271    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
272    public static final Unit<Energy> ELECTRON_VOLT = addUnit(SI.ELECTRON_VOLT);
273    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
274    public static final Unit<Length> ASTRONOMIC_UNIT = addUnit(SI.ASTRONOMICAL_UNIT);
275    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
276    public static final Unit<Length> PARSEC = addUnit(Units.METRE.multiply(3.085678E16));
277
278    /////////////////////////////////
279    // NATURAL UNITS: UCUM 4.3 §32 //
280    /////////////////////////////////
281    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
282    public static final Unit<Speed> VELOCITY_OF_LIGHT = addUnit(Units.METRE_PER_SECOND.multiply(299792458));
283    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
284    public static final Unit<Action> PLANCK = addUnit(SI.JOULE_SECOND.multiply(6.6260755E-34));
285    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
286    public static final Unit<?> BOLTZMAN = addUnit(JOULE.divide(KELVIN).multiply(1.380658E-23));
287    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
288    public static final Unit<ElectricPermittivity> PERMITTIVITY_OF_VACUUM = addUnit(
289            SI.FARAD_PER_METRE.multiply(8.854187817E-12));
290    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
291    public static final Unit<MagneticPermeability> PERMEABILITY_OF_VACUUM = addUnit(
292            new ProductUnit<MagneticPermeability>(SI.NEWTON_PER_SQUARE_AMPERE.multiply(PI.multiply(4).divide(1E7))),
293            MagneticPermeability.class);
294    // public static final Unit<MagneticPermeability> PERMEABILITY_OF_VACUUM =
295    // addUnit(
296    // new ProductUnit<MagneticPermeability>(Units.NEWTONS_PER_SQUARE_AMPERE
297    // .multiply(PI).multiply(4).divide(1E7)),
298    // MagneticPermeability.class);
299    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
300    public static final Unit<ElectricCharge> ELEMENTARY_CHARGE = addUnit(
301            Units.COULOMB.transform(((AbstractUnit<Energy>) SI.ELECTRON_VOLT).getSystemConverter()));
302    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
303    public static final Unit<Mass> ELECTRON_MASS = addUnit(GRAM.multiply(9.1093897E-28));
304    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
305    public static final Unit<Mass> PROTON_MASS = addUnit(GRAM.multiply(1.6726231E-24));
306    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
307    public static final Unit<?> NEWTON_CONSTANT_OF_GRAVITY = addUnit(
308            METER.pow(3).multiply(Units.KILOGRAM.pow(-1)).multiply(SECOND.pow(-2)).multiply(6.67259E-11));
309    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
310    public static final Unit<Acceleration> ACCELERATION_OF_FREEFALL = addUnit(
311            Units.METRE_PER_SQUARE_SECOND.multiply(9.80665));
312    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
313    public static final Unit<Pressure> ATMOSPHERE = addUnit(Units.PASCAL.multiply(101325));
314    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
315    public static final Unit<Length> LIGHT_YEAR = addUnit(
316            new ProductUnit<Length>(VELOCITY_OF_LIGHT.multiply(YEAR_JULIAN)));
317    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
318    public static final Unit<Force> GRAM_FORCE = addUnit(
319            new ProductUnit<Force>(GRAM.multiply(ACCELERATION_OF_FREEFALL)));
320    // POUND_FORCE contains a forward reference to avoirdupois pound weight, so
321    // it has been moved after section §39 below
322
323    /////////////////////////////
324    // CGS UNITS: UCUM 4.3 §33 //
325    /////////////////////////////
326    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
327    public static final Unit<WaveNumber> KAYSER = addUnit(SI.RECIPROCAL_METRE.divide(100));
328    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
329    public static final Unit<Acceleration> GAL = addUnit(
330            new ProductUnit<Acceleration>(CENTI(METER).divide(SECOND.pow(2))));
331    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
332    public static final Unit<Force> DYNE = addUnit(
333            new ProductUnit<Force>(Units.GRAM.multiply(CENTI(Units.METRE).divide(Units.SECOND.pow(2)))));
334    // public static final Unit<Force> DYNE = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Force>(
335    // Units.GRAM.multiply(new
336    // ProductUnit(CENTI(Units.METRE)).divide(Units.SECOND
337    // .pow(2)))));
338    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
339    public static final Unit<Energy> ERG = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Energy>(DYNE.multiply(CENTI(Units.METRE))));
340    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
341    public static final Unit<DynamicViscosity> POISE = addUnit(
342            new ProductUnit<DynamicViscosity>(DYNE.multiply(SECOND).divide(CENTI(Units.METRE).pow(2))));
343    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
344    public static final Unit<ElectricCurrent> BIOT = addUnit(AMPERE.multiply(10));
345    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
346    public static final Unit<KinematicViscosity> STOKES = addUnit(
347            new ProductUnit<KinematicViscosity>(CENTI(Units.METRE).pow(2).divide(Units.SECOND)));
348    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
349    public static final Unit<MagneticFlux> MAXWELL = addUnit(Units.WEBER.divide(1E8));
350    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
351    public static final Unit<MagneticFluxDensity> GAUSS = addUnit(Units.TESLA.divide(1E4));
352    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
353    public static final Unit<MagneticFieldStrength> OERSTED = addUnit(
354            new ProductUnit<MagneticFieldStrength>(SI.AMPERE_PER_METRE.multiply(250).divide(PI)));
355    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
356    public static final Unit<MagnetomotiveForce> GILBERT = addUnit(
357            new ProductUnit<MagnetomotiveForce>(OERSTED.multiply(CENTI(Units.METRE))));
358    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
359    public static final Unit<Luminance> STILB = addUnit(
360            new ProductUnit<Luminance>(CANDELA.divide(CENTI(METER).pow(2))));
361    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
362    public static final Unit<Luminance> LAMBERT = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Luminance>(STILB.divide(PI)));
363    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
364    public static final Unit<Illuminance> PHOT = addUnit(LUX.divide(1E4));
365    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
366    public static final Unit<Radioactivity> CURIE = addUnit(Units.BECQUEREL.multiply(3.7E10));
367    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
368    public static final Unit<IonizingRadiation> ROENTGEN = addUnit(SI.COULOMB_PER_KILOGRAM.multiply(2.58E-4));
369    // add later when JMQ issue fixed
370    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
371    public static final Unit<RadiationDoseAbsorbed> RAD = addUnit(
372            new ProductUnit<RadiationDoseAbsorbed>(ERG.divide(Units.GRAM.multiply(100))));
373    // public static final Unit<RadiationDoseAbsorbed> RAD = addUnit(new
374    // ProductUnit<RadiationDoseAbsorbed>(
375    // ERG.divide(Units.GRAM).multiply(100)));
376    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
377    public static final Unit<RadiationDoseEffective> REM = addUnit(
378            new ProductUnit<RadiationDoseEffective>(ERG.divide(Units.GRAM.multiply(100))));
379    // public static final Unit<RadiationDoseEffective> REM = addUnit(new
380    // AlternateUnit<RadiationDoseEffective>(
381    // RAD, RAD.getSymbol())); // TODO are symbols for RAD and REM same?
382    /////////////////////////////////////////////////
383    // INTERNATIONAL CUSTOMARY UNITS: UCUM 4.4 §34 //
384    /////////////////////////////////////////////////
385    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
386    public static final Unit<Length> INCH_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(CENTI(METER).multiply(254).divide(100));
387    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
388    public static final Unit<Length> FOOT_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(INCH_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(12));
389    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
390    public static final Unit<Length> YARD_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(FOOT_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(3));
391    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
392    public static final Unit<Length> MILE_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(FOOT_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(5280));
393    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
394    public static final Unit<Length> FATHOM_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(FOOT_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(6));
395    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
396    public static final Unit<Length> NAUTICAL_MILE_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(METER.multiply(1852));
397    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
398    public static final Unit<Speed> KNOT_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(
399            new ProductUnit<Speed>(NAUTICAL_MILE_INTERNATIONAL.divide(HOUR)));
400    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
401    public static final Unit<Area> SQUARE_INCH_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(
402            new ProductUnit<Area>(INCH_INTERNATIONAL.pow(2)));
403    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
404    public static final Unit<Area> SQUARE_FOOT_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(
405            new ProductUnit<Area>(FOOT_INTERNATIONAL.pow(2)));
406    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
407    public static final Unit<Area> SQUARE_YARD_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(
408            new ProductUnit<Area>(YARD_INTERNATIONAL.pow(2)));
409    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
410    public static final Unit<Volume> CUBIC_INCH_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(
411            new ProductUnit<Volume>(INCH_INTERNATIONAL.pow(3)));
412    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
413    public static final Unit<Volume> CUBIC_FOOT_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(
414            new ProductUnit<Volume>(FOOT_INTERNATIONAL.pow(3)));
415    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
416    public static final Unit<Volume> CUBIC_YARD_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(
417            new ProductUnit<Volume>(YARD_INTERNATIONAL.pow(3)));
418    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
419    public static final Unit<Volume> BOARD_FOOT_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(CUBIC_INCH_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(144));
420    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
421    public static final Unit<Volume> CORD_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(CUBIC_FOOT_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(128));
422    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
423    public static final Unit<Length> MIL_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(INCH_INTERNATIONAL.divide(1000));
424    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
425    public static final Unit<Area> CIRCULAR_MIL_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(
426            new ProductUnit<Area>(MIL_INTERNATIONAL.pow(2).multiply(PI.divide(4))));
427    // public static final Unit<Area> CIRCULAR_MIL_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(new
428    // ProductUnit<Area>(
429    // MIL_INTERNATIONAL.pow(2).multiply(PI).divide(4)));
430    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
431    public static final Unit<Length> HAND_INTERNATIONAL = addUnit(INCH_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(4));
432    //////////////////////////////////////////
433    // US SURVEY LENGTH UNITS: UCUM 4.4 §35 //
434    //////////////////////////////////////////
435    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
436    public static final Unit<Length> FOOT_US_SURVEY = addUnit(METER.multiply(1200).divide(3937));
437    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
438    public static final Unit<Length> YARD_US_SURVEY = addUnit(FOOT_US_SURVEY.multiply(3));
439    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
440    public static final Unit<Length> INCH_US_SURVEY = addUnit(FOOT_US_SURVEY.divide(12));
441    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
442    public static final Unit<Length> ROD_US_SURVEY = addUnit(FOOT_US_SURVEY.multiply(33).divide(2));
443    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
444    public static final Unit<Length> CHAIN_US_SURVEY = addUnit(ROD_US_SURVEY.multiply(4));
445    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
446    public static final Unit<Length> LINK_US_SURVEY = addUnit(CHAIN_US_SURVEY.divide(100));
447    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
448    public static final Unit<Length> RAMDEN_CHAIN_US_SURVEY = addUnit(FOOT_US_SURVEY.multiply(100));
449    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
450    public static final Unit<Length> RAMDEN_LINK_US_SURVEY = addUnit(CHAIN_US_SURVEY.divide(100));
451    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
452    public static final Unit<Length> FATHOM_US_SURVEY = addUnit(FOOT_US_SURVEY.multiply(6));
453    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
454    public static final Unit<Length> FURLONG_US_SURVEY = addUnit(ROD_US_SURVEY.multiply(40));
455    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
456    public static final Unit<Length> MILE_US_SURVEY = addUnit(FURLONG_US_SURVEY.multiply(8));
457    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
458    public static final Unit<Area> ACRE_US_SURVEY = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Area>(ROD_US_SURVEY.pow(2)).multiply(160));
459    // public static final Unit<Area> ACRE_US_SURVEY = addUnit(new
460    // ProductUnit<Area>(
461    // ROD_US_SURVEY.pow(2).multiply(160)));
462    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
463    public static final Unit<Area> SQUARE_ROD_US_SURVEY = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Area>(ROD_US_SURVEY.pow(2)));
464    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
465    public static final Unit<Area> SQUARE_MILE_US_SURVEY = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Area>(MILE_US_SURVEY.pow(2)));
466    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
467    public static final Unit<Area> SECTION_US_SURVEY = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Area>(MILE_US_SURVEY.pow(2)));
468    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
469    public static final Unit<Area> TOWNSHP_US_SURVEY = addUnit(SECTION_US_SURVEY.multiply(36));
470    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
471    public static final Unit<Length> MIL_US_SURVEY = addUnit(INCH_US_SURVEY.divide(1000));
472    /////////////////////////////////////////////////
473    // BRITISH IMPERIAL LENGTH UNITS: UCUM 4.4 §36 //
474    /////////////////////////////////////////////////
475    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
476    public static final Unit<Length> INCH_BRITISH = addUnit(CENTI(METER).multiply(2539998).divide(1000000));
477    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
478    public static final Unit<Length> FOOT_BRITISH = addUnit(INCH_BRITISH.multiply(12));
479    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
480    public static final Unit<Length> ROD_BRITISH = addUnit(FOOT_BRITISH.multiply(33).divide(2));
481    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
482    public static final Unit<Length> CHAIN_BRITISH = addUnit(ROD_BRITISH.multiply(4));
483    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
484    public static final Unit<Length> LINK_BRITISH = addUnit(CHAIN_BRITISH.divide(100));
485    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
486    public static final Unit<Length> FATHOM_BRITISH = addUnit(FOOT_BRITISH.multiply(6));
487    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
488    public static final Unit<Length> PACE_BRITISH = addUnit(FOOT_BRITISH.multiply(5).divide(2));
489    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
490    public static final Unit<Length> YARD_BRITISH = addUnit(FOOT_BRITISH.multiply(3));
491    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
492    public static final Unit<Length> MILE_BRITISH = addUnit(FOOT_BRITISH.multiply(5280));
493    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
494    public static final Unit<Length> NAUTICAL_MILE_BRITISH = addUnit(FOOT_BRITISH.multiply(6080));
495    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
496    public static final Unit<Speed> KNOT_BRITISH = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Speed>(NAUTICAL_MILE_BRITISH.divide(HOUR)));
497    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
498    public static final Unit<Area> ACRE_BRITISH = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Area>(YARD_BRITISH.pow(2)).multiply(4840));
499    // public static final Unit<Area> ACRE_BRITISH = addUnit(new
500    // ProductUnit<Area>(
501    // YARD_BRITISH.pow(2).multiply(4840)));
502    ///////////////////////////////////
503    // US VOLUME UNITS: UCUM 4.4 §37 //
504    ///////////////////////////////////
505    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
506    public static final Unit<Volume> GALLON_US = addUnit(CUBIC_INCH_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(231), "Queen Anne's wine gallon", "gal_us");
507    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
508    public static final Unit<Volume> BARREL_US = addUnit(GALLON_US.multiply(42), "barrel", "bbl_us");
509    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
510    public static final Unit<Volume> QUART_US = addUnit(GALLON_US.divide(4));
511    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
512    public static final Unit<Volume> PINT_US = addUnit(QUART_US.divide(2));
513    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
514    public static final Unit<Volume> GILL_US = addUnit(PINT_US.divide(4));
515    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
516    public static final Unit<Volume> FLUID_OUNCE_US = addUnit(GILL_US.divide(4));
517    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
518    public static final Unit<Volume> FLUID_DRAM_US = addUnit(FLUID_OUNCE_US.divide(8));
519    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
520    public static final Unit<Volume> MINIM_US = addUnit(FLUID_DRAM_US.divide(60));
521    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
522    public static final Unit<Volume> CORD_US = addUnit(CUBIC_FOOT_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(128));
523    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
524    public static final Unit<Volume> BUSHEL_US = addUnit(CUBIC_INCH_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(215042).divide(100));
525    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
526    public static final Unit<Volume> GALLON_WINCHESTER = addUnit(BUSHEL_US.divide(8));
527    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
528    public static final Unit<Volume> PECK_US = addUnit(BUSHEL_US.divide(4));
529    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
530    public static final Unit<Volume> DRY_QUART_US = addUnit(PECK_US.divide(8));
531    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
532    public static final Unit<Volume> DRY_PINT_US = addUnit(DRY_QUART_US.divide(2));
533    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
534    public static final Unit<Volume> TABLESPOON_US = addUnit(FLUID_OUNCE_US.divide(2));
535    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
536    public static final Unit<Volume> TEASPOON_US = addUnit(TABLESPOON_US.divide(3));
537    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
538    public static final Unit<Volume> CUP_US = addUnit(TABLESPOON_US.multiply(16));
539    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
540    public static final Unit<Volume> METRIC_FLUID_OUNCE_US = addUnit(MILLI(LITER).multiply(30));
541    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
542    public static final Unit<Volume> METRIC_CUP_US = addUnit(MILLI(LITER).multiply(240));
543    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
544    public static final Unit<Volume> METRIC_TEASPOON_CUP_US = addUnit(MILLI(LITER).multiply(5));
545    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
546    public static final Unit<Volume> METRIC_TABLESPOON_CUP_US = addUnit(MILLI(LITER).multiply(15));
547    /////////////////////////////////////////////////
548    // BRITISH IMPERIAL VOLUME UNITS: UCUM 4.4 §38 //
549    /////////////////////////////////////////////////
550    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
551    public static final Unit<Volume> GALLON_BRITISH = addUnit(LITER.multiply(454609).divide(100000));
552    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
553    public static final Unit<Volume> PECK_BRITISH = addUnit(GALLON_BRITISH.multiply(2));
554    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
555    public static final Unit<Volume> BUSHEL_BRITISH = addUnit(PECK_BRITISH.multiply(4));
556    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
557    public static final Unit<Volume> QUART_BRITISH = addUnit(GALLON_BRITISH.divide(4));
558    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
559    public static final Unit<Volume> PINT_BRITISH = addUnit(QUART_BRITISH.divide(2));
560    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
561    public static final Unit<Volume> GILL_BRITISH = addUnit(PINT_BRITISH.divide(4));
562    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
563    public static final Unit<Volume> FLUID_OUNCE_BRITISH = addUnit(GILL_BRITISH.divide(5));
564    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
565    public static final Unit<Volume> FLUID_DRAM_BRITISH = addUnit(FLUID_OUNCE_BRITISH.divide(8));
566    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
567    public static final Unit<Volume> MINIM_BRITISH = addUnit(FLUID_DRAM_BRITISH.divide(60));
568    ////////////////////////////////////////////
569    // AVOIRDUPOIS WIEGHT UNITS: UCUM 4.4 §39 //
570    ////////////////////////////////////////////
571    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
572    public static final Unit<Mass> GRAIN = addUnit(MILLI(GRAM).multiply(6479891).divide(100000));
573    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
574    public static final Unit<Mass> POUND = addUnit(GRAIN.multiply(7000));
575    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
576    public static final Unit<Mass> OUNCE = addUnit(POUND.divide(16));
577    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
578    public static final Unit<Mass> DRAM = addUnit(OUNCE.divide(16));
579    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
580    public static final Unit<Mass> SHORT_HUNDREDWEIGHT = addUnit(POUND.multiply(100));
581    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
582    public static final Unit<Mass> LONG_HUNDREDWEIGHT = addUnit(POUND.multiply(112));
583    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
584    public static final Unit<Mass> SHORT_TON = addUnit(SHORT_HUNDREDWEIGHT.multiply(20));
585    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
586    public static final Unit<Mass> LONG_TON = addUnit(LONG_HUNDREDWEIGHT.multiply(20));
587    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
588    public static final Unit<Mass> STONE = addUnit(POUND.multiply(14));
589    // CONTINUED FROM SECTION §32
590    // contains a forward reference to POUND, so we had to move it here, below
591    // section §39
592    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
593    // public static final Unit<Force> POUND_FORCE = addUnit(new
594    // ProductUnit<Force>(
595    // POUND.multiply(ACCELERATION_OF_FREEFALL)));
596    public static final Unit<Force> POUND_FORCE = addUnit(
597            POUND.multiply(ACCELERATION_OF_FREEFALL).asType(Force.class));
598
599    // public static final Unit<InformationRate> POUND_FORCE2 =
600    // addUnit(POUND.multiply(ACCELERATION_OF_FREEFALL).asType(InformationRate.class));
601
602    /////////////////////////////////////
603    // TROY WEIGHT UNITS: UCUM 4.4 §40 //
604    /////////////////////////////////////
605    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
606    public static final Unit<Mass> PENNYWEIGHT_TROY = addUnit(GRAIN.multiply(24));
607    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
608    public static final Unit<Mass> OUNCE_TROY = addUnit(PENNYWEIGHT_TROY.multiply(20));
609    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
610    public static final Unit<Mass> POUND_TROY = addUnit(OUNCE_TROY.multiply(12));
611    /////////////////////////////////////////////
612    // APOTECARIES' WEIGHT UNITS: UCUM 4.4 §41 //
613    /////////////////////////////////////////////
614    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
615    public static final Unit<Mass> SCRUPLE_APOTHECARY = addUnit(GRAIN.multiply(20));
616    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
617    public static final Unit<Mass> DRAM_APOTHECARY = addUnit(SCRUPLE_APOTHECARY.multiply(3));
618    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
619    public static final Unit<Mass> OUNCE_APOTHECARY = addUnit(DRAM_APOTHECARY.multiply(8));
620    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
621    public static final Unit<Mass> POUND_APOTHECARY = addUnit(OUNCE_APOTHECARY.multiply(12));
622    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
623    public static final Unit<Mass> METRIC_OUNCE = addUnit(GRAM.multiply(28));
624
625    /////////////////////////////////////////////
626    // TYPESETTER'S LENGTH UNITS: UCUM 4.4 §42 //
627    /////////////////////////////////////////////
628    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
629    public static final Unit<Length> LINE = addUnit(INCH_INTERNATIONAL.divide(12));
630    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
631    public static final Unit<Length> POINT = addUnit(LINE.divide(6));
632    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
633    public static final Unit<Length> PICA = addUnit(POINT.multiply(12));
634    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
635    public static final Unit<Length> POINT_PRINTER = addUnit(INCH_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(13837).divide(1000000));
636    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
637    public static final Unit<Length> PICA_PRINTER = addUnit(POINT_PRINTER.multiply(12));
638    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
639    public static final Unit<Length> PIED = addUnit(CENTI(METER).multiply(3248).divide(100));
640    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
641    public static final Unit<Length> POUCE = addUnit(PIED.divide(12));
642    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
643    public static final Unit<Length> LIGNE = addUnit(POUCE.divide(12));
644    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
645    public static final Unit<Length> DIDOT = addUnit(LIGNE.divide(6));
646    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
647    public static final Unit<Length> CICERO = addUnit(DIDOT.multiply(12));
648    //////////////////////////////////////
649    // OTHER LEGACY UNITS: UCUM 4.5 §43 //
650    //////////////////////////////////////
651    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
652    public static final Unit<Temperature> RANKINE = addUnit(KELVIN.divide(9).multiply(5));
653    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
654    public static final Unit<Temperature> FAHRENHEIT = addUnit(RANKINE.shift(459.67));
655    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
656    public static final Unit<Temperature> REAUMUR = addUnit((KELVIN.multiply(4).divide(5)).shift(218.52));
657    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
658    public static final Unit<Energy> CALORIE_AT_15C = addUnit(JOULE.multiply(41858).divide(10000));
659    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
660    public static final Unit<Energy> CALORIE_AT_20C = addUnit(JOULE.multiply(41819).divide(10000));
661    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
662    public static final Unit<Energy> CALORIE_MEAN = addUnit(JOULE.multiply(419002).divide(100000));
663    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
664    public static final Unit<Energy> CALORIE_INTERNATIONAL_TABLE = addUnit(JOULE.multiply(41868).divide(10000));
665    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
666    public static final Unit<Energy> CALORIE_THERMOCHEMICAL = addUnit(JOULE.multiply(4184).divide(1000));
667    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
668    public static final Unit<Energy> CALORIE = addUnit(CALORIE_THERMOCHEMICAL);
669    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
670    public static final Unit<Energy> CALORIE_FOOD = addUnit(KILO(CALORIE_THERMOCHEMICAL));
671
672    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
673    public static final Unit<Energy> BTU_AT_39F = addUnit(KILO(JOULE).multiply(105967).divide(100000));
674    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
675    public static final Unit<Energy> BTU_AT_59F = addUnit(KILO(JOULE).multiply(105480).divide(100000));
676    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
677    public static final Unit<Energy> BTU_AT_60F = addUnit(KILO(JOULE).multiply(105468).divide(100000));
678    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
679    public static final Unit<Energy> BTU_MEAN = addUnit(KILO(JOULE).multiply(105587).divide(100000));
680    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
681    public static final Unit<Energy> BTU_INTERNATIONAL_TABLE = addUnit(
682            KILO(JOULE).multiply(105505585262L).divide(100000000000L));
683    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
684    public static final Unit<Energy> BTU_THERMOCHEMICAL = addUnit(KILO(JOULE).multiply(105435).divide(100000));
685    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
686    public static final Unit<Energy> BTU = addUnit(BTU_THERMOCHEMICAL);
687    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
688    public static final Unit<Power> HORSEPOWER = addUnit(
689            new ProductUnit<Power>(FOOT_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(POUND_FORCE).divide(SECOND)));
690
691    ////////////////////////////////////////////
692    // CLINICAL MEDICINE UNITS: UCUM 4.5 §44 //
693    ///////////////////////////////////////////
694    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
695    public static final Unit<Pressure> METER_OF_WATER_COLUMN = addUnit(KILO(PASCAL).multiply(980665).divide(100000));
696    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
697    public static final Unit<Pressure> METER_OF_MERCURY_COLUMN = addUnit(KILO(PASCAL).multiply(1333220).divide(10000));
698    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
699    public static final Unit<Pressure> INCH_OF_WATER_COLUMN = addUnit(
700            new ProductUnit<Pressure>(METER_OF_WATER_COLUMN.multiply(INCH_INTERNATIONAL).divide(METER)));
701    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
702    public static final Unit<Pressure> INCH_OF_MERCURY_COLUMN = addUnit(
703            new ProductUnit<Pressure>(METER_OF_MERCURY_COLUMN.multiply(INCH_INTERNATIONAL).divide(METER)));
704
705    public static final Unit<Drag> PERIPHERAL_VASCULAR_RESISTANCE = addUnit(
706            MILLI(METER_OF_MERCURY_COLUMN).multiply(SECOND).divide(MILLI(LITER)).asType(Drag.class));
707    public static final Unit<Drag> WOOD = addUnit(MILLI(METER_OF_MERCURY_COLUMN).multiply(MINUTE).divide(LITER).asType(Drag.class));
708    // public static final Unit DIOPTER = addUnit(ONE.divide(METER));
709    // public static final Unit PRISM_DIOPTER =
710    // addUnit(ONE.multiply(100).multiply(Math.tan(1)));
711    // public static final Unit PERCENT_OF_SLOPE =
712    // addUnit(ONE.multiply(100).multiply(Math.tan(1)));
713    // public static final Unit MESH = addUnit(ONE.divide(INCH_INTERNATIONAL));
714    // public static final Unit CHARRIERE = addUnit(MILLI(METER).divide(3));
715
716    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
717    public static final Unit<Volume> DROP = addUnit(MILLI(LITER).divide(20));
718
719    // public static final Unit HOUNSFIELD = addUnit(ONE);
720    // public static final Unit METABOLIC_EQUIVALENT =
721    // addUnit(MILLI(LITER).divide(MINUTE).divide(KILO(GRAM)));
722
723    // public static final Unit HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_DECIMAL =
724    // addUnit(ONE.multiply(-1).multiply(Math.log10(1)));
725    // public static final Unit HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_CENTESIMAL =
726    // addUnit(ONE.multiply(-1).multiply(Math.log(1)).divide(Math.log(100)));
727    // public static final Unit HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_MILLESIMAL =
728    // addUnit(ONE.multiply(-1).multiply(Math.log(1)).divide(Math.log(1000)));
729    // public static final Unit HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_QUINTALLESIMAL =
730    // addUnit(ONE.multiply(-1).multiply(Math.log(1)).divide(Math.log(50000)));
731
732    // public static final Unit HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_DECIMAL_HAHNEMANNIAN =
733    // UNDEFINED;
734    // public static final Unit HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_CENTESIMAL_HAHNEMANNIAN =
735    // UNDEFINED;
736    // public static final Unit HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_MILLESIMAL_HAHNEMANNIAN =
737    // UNDEFINED;
738    // public static final Unit
739    // HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_QUINTAMILLESIMAL_HAHNEMANNIAN = UNDEFINED;
740    // public static final Unit HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_DECIMAL_KORSAKOVIAN =
741    // UNDEFINED;
742    // public static final Unit HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_CENTESIMAL_KORSAKOVIAN =
743    // UNDEFINED;
744    // public static final Unit HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_MILLESIMAL_KORSAKOVIAN =
745    // UNDEFINED;
746    // public static final Unit
747    // HOMEOPATHIC_POTENCY_OF_QUINTAMILLESIMAL_KORSAKOVIAN = UNDEFINED;
748
749    //////////////////////////////////////////////////
750    // CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL UNITS: UCUM 4.5 §45 //
751    //////////////////////////////////////////////////
752    // public static final Unit EQUIVALENTS = addUnit(MOLE);
753    // public static final Unit OSMOLE = addUnit(MOLE);
754
755    public static final Unit<Acidity> PH = addUnit(
756            MOLE.divide(LITER).transform(new LogConverter(10)).multiply(-1).asType(Acidity.class));
757
758    // @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
759    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
760    public static final Unit<Concentration<Mass>> GRAM_PERCENT = addUnit(
761            GRAM.divide(DECI(LITER)).asType(Concentration.class));
762
763    // public static final Unit SVEDBERG = addUnit(SECOND.multiply(1E-13));
764
765    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> HIGH_POWER_FIELD = addUnit(ONE);
766    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> LOW_POWER_FIELD = addUnit(ONE.multiply(100));
767
768    // public static final Unit KATAL = addUnit(MOLE.divide(SECOND));
769    // public static final Unit UNIT = addUnit(MICRO(MOLE).divide(MINUTE));
770
771    // public static final Unit INTERNATIONAL_UNIT = UNDEFINED;
772    // public static final Unit ARBITRARY_UNIT = UNDEFINED;
773    // public static final Unit US_PHARMACOPEIA = UNDEFINED;
774    // public static final Unit GPL = UNDEFINED;
775    // public static final Unit MPL = UNDEFINED;
776    // public static final Unit APL = UNDEFINED;
777    // public static final Unit BETHESDA = UNDEFINED;
778    // public static final Unit ANTI_FACTOR_XA = UNDEFINED;
779    // public static final Unit TODD = UNDEFINED;
780    // public static final Unit DYE = UNDEFINED;
781    // public static final Unit SOMOGYI = UNDEFINED;
782    // public static final Unit BODANSKY = UNDEFINED;
783    // public static final Unit KING_ARMSTRONG = UNDEFINED;
784    // public static final Unit KUNKEL = UNDEFINED;
785    // public static final Unit MAC_LAGAN = UNDEFINED;
786    // public static final Unit TUBERCULIN = UNDEFINED;
787    // public static final Unit CELL_CULTURE_INFECTIOUS_50_PERCENT_DOSE =
788    // UNDEFINED;
789    // public static final Unit TISSUE_CULTURE_INFECTIOUS_50_PERCENT_DOSE =
790    // UNDEFINED;
791    // public static final Unit EMBRYO_CULTURE_INFECTIOUS_50_PERCENT_DOSE =
792    // UNDEFINED;
793    // public static final Unit PLAQUE_FORMING = UNDEFINED;
794    // public static final Unit FOCUS_FORMING = UNDEFINED;
795    // public static final Unit COLONY_FORMING = UNDEFINED;
796    // public static final Unit INDEX_OF_REACTIVITY = UNDEFINED;
797    // public static final Unit BIOEQUIVALENT_ALLERGEN = UNDEFINED;
798    // public static final Unit ALLERGEN = UNDEFINED;
799    // public static final Unit ALLERGEN_FOR_AMBROSIA_ARTEMISIIFOLIA =
800    // UNDEFINED;
801    // public static final Unit PROTEIN_NITROGEN = UNDEFINED;
802    // public static final Unit LIMIT_OF_FLOCCULATION = UNDEFINED;
803    // public static final Unit D_ANTIGEN = UNDEFINED;
804    // public static final Unit FIBRINOGEN_EQUIVALENT = UNDEFINED;
805    // public static final Unit ELISA = UNDEFINED;
806    // public static final Unit EHRLICH = UNDEFINED;
807    // public static final Unit CHEMICAL = UNDEFINED;
808
809    /////////////////////////////////
810    // LEVELS UNITS: UCUM 4.5 §46 //
811    ////////////////////////////////
812    @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
813    public static final Unit<Level<Dimensionless>> NEPER = (Unit) addUnit(
814            ONE.transform(new LogConverter(Math.E)));
815    /**
816     * A logarithmic unit used to describe a power {@link Level} ratio (standard
817     * name <code>dB</code>).
818     */
819    // public static final Unit<Level<Power>> DECIBEL = addUnit(NEPER
820    // .transform(new LogConverter(10).inverse().concatenate(
821    // RationalConverter.of(1d, 10d))));
822
823    @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
824    public static final Unit<Level<Dimensionless>> BEL = (Unit) addUnit(
825            ONE.transform(new LogConverter(10)));
826
827    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
828    public static final Unit<Level<Pressure>> BEL_SOUND = addUnit(
829            PASCAL.divide(1E5).multiply(2).transform(new LogConverter(10)).multiply(2).asType(Level.class));
830
831    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
832    public static final Unit<Level<ElectricPotential>> BEL_VOLT = addUnit(
833            VOLT.transform(new LogConverter(10)).multiply(2).asType(Level.class));
834
835    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
836    public static final Unit<Level<ElectricPotential>> BEL_MILLIVOLT = addUnit(
837            MILLI(VOLT).transform(new LogConverter(10)).multiply(2).asType(Level.class));
838
839    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
840    public static final Unit<Level<ElectricPotential>> BEL_MICROVOLT = addUnit(
841            MICRO(VOLT).transform(new LogConverter(10)).multiply(2).asType(Level.class));
842
843    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
844    public static final Unit<Level<ElectricPotential>> BEL_10_NANOVOLT = addUnit(
845            NANO(VOLT).multiply(10).transform(new LogConverter(10)).multiply(2).asType(Level.class));
846
847    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
848    public static final Unit<Level<ElectricPotential>> BEL_WATT = addUnit(
849            WATT.transform(new LogConverter(10)).asType(Level.class));
850
851    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
852    public static final Unit<Level<ElectricPotential>> BEL_KILOWATT = addUnit(
853            KILO(WATT).transform(new LogConverter(10)).asType(Level.class));
854
855    ///////////////////////////////////////
856    // MISCELLANEOUS UNITS: UCUM 4.5 §47 //
857    ///////////////////////////////////////
858    /** temporary helper for MHO */
859    private static final Unit<? extends Quantity<?>> TMP_MHO = SIEMENS.alternate("mho");
860
861    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
862    //public static final Unit<Volume> STERE = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Volume>(METER.pow(3)));
863    public static final Unit<Volume> STERE = addUnit(new TransformedUnit<Volume>("st", Units.CUBIC_METRE, Units.CUBIC_METRE, MultiplyConverter.IDENTITY));
864    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
865    public static final Unit<Length> ANGSTROM = addUnit(NANO(METER).divide(10));
866    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
867    public static final Unit<Area> BARN = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Area>(FEMTO(METER).pow(2)).multiply(100));
868    // public static final Unit<Area> BARN = addUnit(new
869    // ProductUnit<Area>(FEMTO(
870    // METER).pow(2).multiply(100)));
871    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
872    public static final Unit<Pressure> ATMOSPHERE_TECHNICAL = addUnit(
873            new ProductUnit<Pressure>(KILO(GRAM_FORCE).divide(CENTI(METER).pow(2))));
874    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
875    public static final Unit<ElectricConductance> MHO = addUnit(
876            new AlternateUnit<ElectricConductance>(TMP_MHO, TMP_MHO.getSymbol()));
877    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
878    public static final Unit<Pressure> POUND_PER_SQUARE_INCH = addUnit(
879            new ProductUnit<Pressure>(POUND_FORCE.divide(INCH_INTERNATIONAL.pow(2))));
880    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
881    public static final Unit<Angle> CIRCLE = addUnit(new ProductUnit<Angle>(PI.multiply(RADIAN.multiply(2))));
882    // public static final Unit<Angle> CIRCLE = addUnit(new
883    // ProductUnit<Angle>(PI
884    // .multiply(RADIAN).multiply(2)));
885    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
886    public static final Unit<SolidAngle> SPHERE = addUnit(
887            new ProductUnit<SolidAngle>(PI.multiply(STERADIAN.multiply(4))));
888    // public static final Unit<SolidAngle> SPHERE = addUnit(new
889    // ProductUnit<SolidAngle>(
890    // PI.multiply(STERADIAN).multiply(4)));
891    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
892    public static final Unit<Mass> CARAT_METRIC = addUnit(GRAM.divide(5));
893    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
894    public static final Unit<Dimensionless> CARAT_GOLD = addUnit(ONE.divide(24));
895    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
896    public static final Unit<Length> SMOOT = addUnit(INCH_INTERNATIONAL.multiply(67));
897
898    ////////////////////////////////////////////////
899    // INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY UNITS: UCUM 4.6 §48 //
900    ////////////////////////////////////////////////
901    /**
902     * The unit for binary information (standard name <code>bit</code>).
903     * As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard.
904     */
905    public static final Unit<Information> BIT = addUnit(new AlternateUnit<Information>(ONE, "bit"), Information.class);
906    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
907    public static final Unit<Information> BYTE = addUnit(BIT.multiply(8));
908    /**
909     * The SI unit for binary information rate (standard name
910     * <code>bit/s</code>).
911     */
912    protected static final ProductUnit<InformationRate> BITS_PER_SECOND = addUnit(
913            new ProductUnit<InformationRate>(BIT.divide(SECOND)), InformationRate.class);
914    /** As per <a href="http://unitsofmeasure.org/">UCUM</a> standard. */
915    public static final Unit<InformationRate> BAUD = addUnit(BITS_PER_SECOND);
916
917    /////////////////////
918    // Collection View //
919    /////////////////////
920
921    @Override
922    public String getName() {
923        return "Unified Code for Units of Measure";
924    }
925
926    private static <U extends Unit<Q>, Q extends Quantity<Q>> U addUnit(U unit) {
927        INSTANCE.units.add(unit);
928        return unit;
929    }
930
931    /**
932     * Adds a new unit and maps it to the specified quantity type.
933     *
934     * @param unit
935     *            the unit being added.
936     * @param type
937     *            the quantity type.
938     * @return <code>unit</code>.
939     */
940    private static <U extends AbstractUnit<?>> U addUnit(U unit, Class<? extends Quantity<?>> type) {
941        INSTANCE.units.add(unit);
942        INSTANCE.quantityToUnit.put(type, unit);
943        return unit;
944    }
945    
946    /**
947     * Adds a new unit not mapped to any specified quantity type and puts a text
948     * as symbol or label.
949     *
950     * @param unit
951     *            the unit being added.
952     * @param name
953     *            the string to use as name
954     * @param text
955     *            the string to use as label or symbol
956     * @param isLabel
957     *            if the string should be used as a label or not
958     * @return <code>unit</code>.
959     */
960    private static <U extends Unit<?>> U addUnit(U unit, String name, String text, boolean isLabel) {
961        if (isLabel) {
962            SimpleUnitFormat.getInstance().label(unit, text);
963        }
964        if (name != null && unit instanceof AbstractUnit) {
965            return Helper.addUnit(INSTANCE.units, unit, name);
966        } else {
967            INSTANCE.units.add(unit);
968        }
969        return unit;
970    }
971
972    /**
973     * Adds a new unit not mapped to any specified quantity type and puts a text
974     * as label.
975     *
976     * @param unit
977     *            the unit being added.
978     * @param name
979     *            the string to use as name
980     * @param text
981     *            the string to use as label
982     * @return <code>unit</code>.
983     */
984    private static <U extends Unit<?>> U addUnit(U unit, String name, String text) {
985        return addUnit(unit, name, text, true);
986    }
987    
988    ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
989    // Label adjustments for UCUM system
990    static {
991        SimpleUnitFormat.getInstance().label(ATOMIC_MASS_UNIT, "AMU");
992        //SimpleUnitFormat.getInstance().label(LITER, "L");
993        //SimpleUnitFormat.getInstance().label(LITER_DM3, "l");
994        SimpleUnitFormat.getInstance().label(OUNCE, "oz");
995        SimpleUnitFormat.getInstance().label(POUND, "lb");
996        SimpleUnitFormat.getInstance().label(PLANCK, "h");
997        // TODO maybe we can find a better solution, but it would require to
998        // "harvest" the entire UCUMFormat ResourceBundle and label every
999        // matching UCUM unit in a loop.
1000    }
1001}