Authenticated encryption (AE) and authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD, variant of AE)
is a form of encryption which simultaneously provides confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity assurances
on the data.
In cryptography, key stretching techniques are used to make a possibly weak key, typically a password or
passphrase, more secure against a brute-force attack by increasing the time it takes to test each possible key.
In cryptography, PBKDF2 (Password-Based Key Derivation Function 2) are key derivation
functions with a sliding computational cost, aimed to reduce the vulnerability of encrypted keys
to brute force attacks.